Creation and Abortion: A Study in Moral and Legal Philosophy Review & Ratings

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Creation and Abortion: A Study in Moral and Legal Philosophy Review

Kamm covers near every possible scenario in which a woman procreates and becomes pregnant. For instance: voluntary sex without proper precautions; voluntary sex with intention to carry; and forced conception. Her arguments are ingenious and appeal heavily to shared moral convictions. A must read for the morality of abortion

Creation and Abortion: A Study in Moral and Legal Philosophy Overview

Based on a non-consequentialist ethical theory, this book critically examines the prevalent view that if a fetus has the moral standing of a person, it has a right to life and abortion is impermissible.Most discussion of abortion has assumed that this view is correct, and so has focused on the question of the personhood of the fetus.Kamm begins by considering in detail the permissibility of killing in non-abortion cases which are similar to abortion cases.She goes on to consider the case for the permissibility of abortion in many types of pregnancies, including ones resulting from rape, voluntary pregnancy, and pregnancy resulting from a voluntary sex act, even if the fetus is considered a person.This argument emerges as part of a broader theory of creating new people responsibly.Kamm explores the implications of this argument for informed consent to abortion; responsibilities in pregnancy that is not aborted, and the significance of extra-uterine gestation devices for the permissibility of abortion.

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Save 32% Off: Marriage and Morals Review & Ratings

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Marriage and Morals Review

It's hard not to cheer when you realize Russell wrote so forward-thinking a piece in the late '20s. Its ideas are still being debated today, especially in light of the recent trend toward opting out of conventional, legally bound marriages in Western countries. As a married man myself, I found Russell's condemnation of conventional sexual morality quite convincing. He doesn't advocate immature hedonism, nor does he pardon all infidelity. He actually favors marriage when children are involved. He simply rocks the foundation of marriage on Christian asceticism ('fornication is sin') and the need for certain paternity. He gives an anthropological & historical perspective on the issue that is broader than anything you're likely to hear in current debates.
My only complaint with this otherwise provocative & well-reasoned work is that some of his commentary borders on anti-Catholic. I'm not Catholic myself, but I couldn't help but wonder whether some of his persistent jabs at the Church weren't motivated by a prejudice common at that time. That isn't to say he doesn't critique Protestant morality as well, but he seems to take inordinate glee in poking the Vatican.

Marriage and Morals Overview

The fireworks fly when the great Bertrand Russell writes about a subject as provocative as marriage and morals. But they are a rational and devastatingly logical kind of fireworks . . . for that was the nature of the man.
Russell's approach to sex and love is based on the realities of need and desire, rather than on ancient tribal and religious taboos. Marriage and Morals is a clear, unbiased look at morality, a morality that is simply one aspect of Russell's lifelong opposition to restrictive dogma and an affirmation of his unshakeable faith in the adequacy of man and the power of human intellect."Sufficient dynamite to blast a carload of ordinary sex popularizers from the face of the earth . . . deals most competently and completely with practically every ramification of sex and sex life and occurs in modern sociology and psychology." -New York Post
"Fundamental and clear, unbiased and persuasive. Russell writes as a humanist, defending the happiness of man against many moral prejudices, advocates his changes lucidly and wittily." -Time


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Save 27% Off: The Unit Review & Ratings

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The Unit Review

The Unit tells the story of a near-future society that divides its people into two groups: those who are necessary and those who are "dispensable." The latter category is comprised of women 50 years and older and men 60 and older who are childless and don't work in a "necessary" industry. Many of the dispensables are artists. The primary character, a woman named Dorrit, is a writer who has just passed her 50th birthday.
Because they do not contribute to the future society by raising children, the dispensable people are considered selfish. They followed their dreams of self-fulfillment and therefore when they reach late middle age it's time to "pay the piper," so to speak, by offering themselves up for scientific experimentation and organ donation. The Unit is the housing/medical facility where they live while serving as test subjects, until it comes time to make their "final donation," usually their hearts and lungs. These donations are always made to people who are "needed" by their families.
Originally written in Swedish, the novel is marvelously translated by Marlaine Delargy. I say this not because I can read Swedish but because the English translation gave me chills as I read it. Anyone who can create prose that, quite literally, fills readers with anxiety and fear must, it seems to me, have created a superior translation.
One of the many things that is striking about the plot of The Unit is that, once inside the medical facility, the dispensables generally find freedom and an ability to be themselves that they lacked on the outside, where they were made to feel different and generally useless. Even though the unit offers them many creature comforts that they did not have before, it is still a prison and the place where they will be institutionally murdered. Yet most of the characters clearly value the acceptance and even love that they feel within the unit community. Through these characters, author Ninni Holmqvist raises some intriguing questions about the nature of "community" and how its various members become insiders or outsiders.
The one criticism I have of The Unit is that its central concept -- that of a society creating a separate, social caste of organ donors -- is strongly derivative of an earlier, brilliantly original novel by Kazuo Ishiguro called Never Let Me Go. Although Holmqvist devlops this idea in a different way than did Ishiguro, her plot seems too close to Ishiguro to warrant five stars. Nevertheless, I recommend this novel, especially to readers who enjoy stories in the genre of science fiction/future dystopia.

The Unit Overview

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Roe v. Wade: The Abortion Rights Controversy in American History, 2nd Edition (Landmark Law Cases and American Society) Review & Ratings

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Roe v. Wade: The Abortion Rights Controversy in American History, 2nd Edition (Landmark Law Cases and American Society) Review

This is a highly readable and engaging book on the topic, covering the history of abortion laws from early 1800s to the Clinton years. To explain the legal shifts throughout those 200 years, the authors describe the social, political, religious and scientific forces that have lead up to each turning point, and how those shifts in turn have influenced further shifts in a seemingly never ending chain. They do so by presenting the various sides of the debate in an even-handed and concise manner, without losing depth on the one hand and without getting bogged down with technicalities on the other. What I found of particular interest was the behind-the-scenes debates of the Justices both in Griswold v. Connecticut and in Roe v. Wade that shed light on their final decision.

Roe v. Wade: The Abortion Rights Controversy in American History, 2nd Edition (Landmark Law Cases and American Society) Overview

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The Sins of the Fathers: The Law and Theology of Illegitimacy Reconsidered Review & Ratings

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The Sins of the Fathers: The Law and Theology of Illegitimacy Reconsidered Review

I purchased this book because I am an Adoptee Rights Advocate. As the laws Adoptee Rights Advocates are concerned about were *originally* shaped by an effort to cover up illegitimacy, it behooves me to read anything that might educate me on the history and laws of illegitimacy, especially those that shaped law in the U.S.
This is an excellent and well researched book. It was information-packed and I found myself having to stop and re-read certain portions several times to absorb it all.
As educational as it was, I found myself disagreeing with the final chapter. I do not think that adoption, abortion, and illegitimacy are as directly related as people generally tend to think. I do not think that adoption is a solution to issues that cause women to choose or consider abortion. I do not think that illegitimacy and out of wedlock birth are issues in themselves. I think how society and policy treat women, that leads to chronic poverty of single mothers, are the problems. There is nothing inherently wrong with a woman bearing a child without being married and choosing to raise that child, except, she's violated that archaic gender "norm" of motherhood without legal subordination to a man (marriage). Public and agency policy has done everything it can throughout U.S. history to push hardship upon single, pregnant women. Yet, women bearing children without being married is what is still seen as the problem, rather than the way women in this situation have been treated. We need equality for women, not to continue to suggest that women who are not married should be encouraged to choose adoption. Adoption does not, can not, and will not solve all of our problems.
I would like to see continued study of illegitimacy and illegitimacy laws throughout the 50's to today (see Solinger and Fessler), as I disagree that the laws and stigmas of illegitimacy have lost their potency. Original Birth Certificate closure laws, based on illegitimacy, (see Wegar, Carpe, and Samuels) very much impact Adult Adoptees to this day and age. Policies and sentiment bent on shaming and punishing women who bore children outside of marriage have shaped current policies in adoption and views of women.

The Sins of the Fathers: The Law and Theology of Illegitimacy Reconsidered Overview

For nearly two millennia, Western law visited the sins of fathers and mothers upon their illegitimate children, subjecting them to systematic discrimination and deprivation. The graver the sins of their parents, the further these children fell in social standing and legal protection. While some reformers have sought to better the plight of illegitimate children, only in recent decades has illegitimacy lost its full legal sting. Yet the social, economic, and psychological costs of illegitimacy still remain high even in the liberal, affluent West. John Witte analyzes and critiques the shifting historical law and theology of illegitimacy. This doctrine, he argues, misinterprets basic biblical teachings on individual accountability and Christian community. It also betrays basic democratic principles of equality, dignity, and natural rights of all. There are no illegitimate children, only illegitimate parents, Witte concludes, and he presses for the protection and rights of all children, regardless of their birth status.

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